NTS Spring 2013/Abstracts: Difference between revisions

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| bgcolor="#F0A0A0" align="center" style="font-size:125%" | '''Robert Lemke Oliver''' (Emory)
| bgcolor="#F0A0A0" align="center" style="font-size:125%" | '''Wei Ho''' (Columbia/Princeton)
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| bgcolor="#BCD2EE"  align="center" | Title: Multiplicative functions with small sums
| bgcolor="#BCD2EE"  align="center" | Title: Families of lattice-polarized K3 surfaces
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Abstract: Analytic number theory is in need of new ideas: for the very
Abstract: There are well-known explicit families of K3 surfaces equipped with a
problem which motivated its existence – the distribution of primes – we
low degree polarization, e.g., quartic surfaces in '''P'''<sup>3</sup>What if one
have been unable to make progress in more than fifty years.  Granville and
specifies multiple line bundles instead of a single one?  We will
Soundararajan have recently put forward a possible substitute for the
discuss representation-theoretic constructions of such families, i.e.,
seemingly intractable, though admittedly rich, theory of zeros of
moduli spaces for K3 surfaces whose Neron–Severi groups contain
''L''-functionsThey dub this new framework the pretentious view of analytic
specified latticesThese constructions, inspired by arithmetic
number theory, where the main objects of consideration are generic
considerations, also involve some fun geometry and combinatorics.
multiplicative functions, and the goal is to obtain deep theorems about the
 
structure of the partial sums of such functions. In this talk, we consider
This is joint work with Manjul Bhargava and Abhinav Kumar.  
multiplicative functions whose partial sums exhibit extreme cancellation.
We will present two different lines of work about this problemFirst, we
develop what might be considered the pretentious framework to answer this
question – notions of pretentious which permit the detection of power
cancellation – which is joint work with Junehyuk Jung of Princeton
University.  Second, we consider a natural class of functions defined via
the arithmetic of number fields, and we classify the members of this class
which exhibit extreme cancellation; the proof of this is not at all
pretentious.  
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== December 6 ==
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| bgcolor="#F0A0A0" align="center" style="font-size:125%" | '''Sheng-Chi Liu''' (Texas A&M)
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| bgcolor="#BCD2EE"  align="center" | Title: Subconvexity and equidistribution of Heegner points in the level aspect
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Abstract: We will discuss the equidistribution property of Heegner points of level ''q'' and discriminant ''D'', as ''q'' and ''D'' go to infinity. We will establish a hybrid subconvexity bound for certain Rankin–Selberg ''L''-functions which are related to the equdistribution of Heegner points. This is joint work with Riad Masri and Matt Young.
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==<span id="April 16"></span> April 16 (special day: '''Monday''', special time: '''3:30pm–4:30pm''', special place: '''VV B139''') ==
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| bgcolor="#F0A0A0" align="center" style="font-size:125%" | '''Hourong Qin''' (Nanjing U., China)
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| bgcolor="#BCD2EE"  align="center" | Title: CM elliptic curves and quadratic polynomials representing primes
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Abstract: No polynomial of degree two or higher has been proved to represent infinitely many primes.  Let ''E'' be an elliptic curve defined over '''Q''' with complex multiplication. Fix an integer ''r''.  We  give  sufficient and necessary conditions for ''a<sub>p''</sub>&nbsp;=&nbsp;''r'' for some prime ''p''. We show that there are infinitely many primes ''p'' such that ''a<sub>p''</sub>&nbsp;=&nbsp;''r'' for some fixed integer ''r'' if
and only if a quadratic polynomial represents infinitely many primes ''p''.
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== April 19 ==
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| bgcolor="#F0A0A0" align="center" style="font-size:125%" | '''Robert Guralnick''' (U. Southern California)
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| bgcolor="#BCD2EE"  align="center" | Title: A variant of Burnside and Galois representations which are automorphic
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Abstract: Wiles, Taylor, Harris and others used the notion of a big
representation of a finite
group to show that certain representations are automorphic.  Jack Thorne
recently observed
that one could weaken this notion of bigness to get the same conclusions.  He
called this property adequate.  An absolutely irreducible  representation ''V''
of a finite group ''G'' in characteristic ''p''  is called  adequate  if ''G'' has
no ''p''-quotients, the dimension
of ''V'' is prime to ''p'',  ''V'' has non-trivial self extensions and End(''V'') is
generated by the linear
span of the elements of order prime to ''p'' in ''G''.    If ''G'' has order
prime to ''p'', all of these conditions
hold&mdash;the last condition is sometimes called Burnside's Lemma.  We
will discuss a recent
result of Guralnick, Herzig, Taylor and Thorne showing that if  ''p'' >
2 dim ''V'' + 2, then
any absolutely irreducible representation is adequate.  We will also
discuss some examples
showing that the span of the ''p'''-elements in End(''V'') need not be all of End(''V'').
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== April 26 ==
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| bgcolor="#F0A0A0" align="center" style="font-size:125%" | '''Frank Thorne''' (U. South Carolina)
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| bgcolor="#BCD2EE"  align="center" | Title: Secondary terms in counting functions for cubic fields
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Abstract: We will discuss our proof of secondary terms of order ''X''<sup>5/6</sup> in the Davenport–Heilbronn
theorems on cubic fields and 3-torsion in class groups of quadratic fields. For cubic
fields this confirms a conjecture of Datskovsky–Wright and Roberts. We also will describe
some generalizations, in particular to arithmetic progressions, where we discover a
curious bias in the secondary term.
Roberts’ conjecture has also been proved independently by Bhargava, Shankar, and
Tsimerman. Their proof uses the geometry of numbers, while our proof uses the analytic
theory of Shintani zeta functions.
We will also discuss a combined approach which yields further improved error terms. If
there is time (or after the talk), I will also discuss a couple of side projects and my
plans for further related work.
This is joint work with Takashi Taniguchi.
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== May 3 ==
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| bgcolor="#F0A0A0" align="center" style="font-size:125%" | '''Alina Cojocaru''' (U. Illinois at Chicago)
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| bgcolor="#BCD2EE"  align="center" | Title: Frobenius fields for elliptic curves
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Abstract: Let ''E'' be an elliptic curve defined over '''Q'''. For a prime p of good reduction for ''E'', let &pi;<sub>p</sub> be the p-Weil root of E and '''Q'''(&pi;<sub>p</sub>) the associated imaginary quadratic field generated by &pi;<sub>p</sub>. In 1976, Serge Lang and Hale Trotter formulated a conjectural asymptotic formula for the number of primes ''p < x'' for which '''Q'''(&pi;<sub>p</sub>) is isomorphic to a fixed imaginary quadratic field. I will discuss progress on this conjecture, in particular an average result confirming the predicted asymptotic formula. This is joint work with Henryk Iwaniec and Nathan Jones. 
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== May 10 ==
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| bgcolor="#F0A0A0" align="center" style="font-size:125%" | '''Samit Dasgupta''' (UC Santa Cruz)
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| bgcolor="#BCD2EE"  align="center" | Title: The ''p''-adic ''L''-functions of evil Eisenstein series
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Abstract: Let ''f'' be a newform of weight ''k''+2 on &Gamma;<sub>1</sub>(''N''), and let ''p''&nbsp;∤&nbsp;''N'' be a prime. For each root &alpha; of the Hecke polynomial of ''f'' at ''p'', there is a corresponding ''p''-stabilization ''f''<sub>&alpha;</sub> on &Gamma;<sub>1</sub>(''N'')&nbsp;∩&nbsp;&Gamma;<sub>0</sub>(''p'') with ''U<sub>p''</sub>-eigenvalue equal to &alpha;. The construction of ''p''-adic ''L''-functions associated to such forms ''f''<sub>&alpha;</sub> has been much studied. The non-critical case (when ord<sub>''p''</sub>(&alpha;)&nbsp;<&nbsp;''k''+1) was handled in the 1970s via interpolation of the classical ''L''-function in work of Mazur, Swinnerton-Dyer, Manin, Visik, and Amice–V&eacute;lu.  Recently, certain critical cases were handled by Pollack and Stevens, and the remaining cases were finished off by Bellaïche. Many years prior to Bellaïche's proof of their existence, Stevens had conjectured a factorization formula for the ''p''-adic ''L''-functions of evil (i.e. critical) Eisenstein series based on computational evidence. In this talk we describe a proof of Stevens's factorization formula. A key element of the proof is the theory of distribution-valued partial modular symbols.  This is joint work with Joël Bellaïche. 
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Revision as of 14:35, 25 April 2013

January 24

Tamar Ziegler (Technion)
Title: An inverse theorem for the Gowers norms

Abstract: Gowers norms play an important role in solving linear equations in subsets of integers - they capture random behavior with respect to the number of solutions. It was conjectured that the obstruction to this type of random behavior is associated in a natural way to flows on nilmanifolds. In recent work with Green and Tao we settle this conjecture. This was the last piece missing in the Green-Tao program for counting the asymptotic number of solutions to rather general systems of linear equations in primes.


January 31

William Stein (U. of Washington)
Title: How explicit is the explicit formula?

Abstract: Consider an elliptic curve E. The explicit formula for E relates a sum involving the numbers ap(E) to a sum of three quantities, one involving the analytic rank of the curve, another involving the zeros of the L-series of the curve, and the third, a bounded error term. Barry Mazur and I are attempting to see how numerically explicit – for particular examples – we can make each term in this formula. I'll explain this adventure in a bit more detail, show some plots, and explain what they represent.

(This is joint work with Barry Mazur).


February 7

Nigel Boston (Madison)
Title: A refined conjecture on factoring iterates of polynomials over finite fields

Abstract: In previous work Rafe Jones and I studied the factorization of iterates of a quadratic polynomial over a finite field. Their shape has consequences for the images of Frobenius elements in the corresponding Galois groups (which act on binary rooted trees). We found experimentally that the shape of the factorizations can be described by an associated Markov process, we explored the consequences to arboreal Galois representations, and conjectured that this would be the case for every quadratic polynomial. Last year I gave an undergraduate, Shixiang Xia, the task of accumulating more evidence for this conjecture and was shocked since one of his examples behaved very differently. We have now understood this example and come up with a modified model to explain it.


February 14

Tonghai Yang (Madison)
Title: A high-dimensional analogue of the Gross–Zagier formula

Abstract: In this talk, I will explain roughly how to extend the well-known Gross–Zagier formula to unitary Shimura varieties of type (n − 1, 1). This is a joint work with J. Bruinier and B. Howard.


February 28

David Perry (NSA)
Title: The Cracking of Enigma

Abstract: Having learned in the previous talk (Wed., Feb. 27, 5pm–6pm, Van Vleck B239) how the Enigma cryptodevice worked and was used by the Germans at the beginning of World War II, we will now learn precisely how the Polish mathematicians were able to crack the Enigma, setting off a series of events that changed the course of world history. The history of cryptology was also irrevocably changed, with a growing realization that the future of secrecy would rely on mathematicians and the brand new discipline of computer science. This talk is geared towards those with some undergraduate mathematics experience, but less is required than you might suspect.


March 7

Kai-Wen Lan (Minnesota)
Title: Galois representations for regular algebraic cuspidal automorphic representations over CM fields

Abstract: After reviewing what the title means (!) and providing some preliminary explanations, I will report on my joint work with Michael Harris, Richard Taylor, and Jack Thorne on the construction of p-adic Galois representations for regular algebraic cuspidal automorphic representations over CM (or totally real) fields, without hypothesis on self-duality or ramification. The main novelty of this work is the removal of the self-duality hypothesis; without this hypothesis, we cannot realize the desired Galois representation in the p-adic étale cohomology of any of the varieties we know. I will try to explain our main new idea without digressing into details in the various blackboxes we need. I will supply conceptual (rather than technical) motivations for everything we introduce.


March 14

Hang Xue (Columbia)
Title: On the Gan–Gross–Prasad conjecture for U(n) × U(n)

Abstract: In this talk, we shall introduce the Gan–Gross–Prasad conjecture for U(n) × U(n) and sketch a proof under certain local conditions using a relative trace formula. We shall also talk about its refinement and applications to the Gan–Gross–Prasad conjecture for U(n +1) × U(n).


April 4

John Jones (Arizona State)
Title: The tame-wild principle

Abstract: We consider discriminant relations for number fields, i.e., when the discriminant of one field must divide the discriminant of another. If we embed the fields in a Galois extension L/F with Galois group G, this can be phrased in terms of subgroups H and K of the Galois group: does D_{L^H} | D_{L^K}. It is easy to prove results of this type under the assumption that all ramification is tame. We investigate whether consideration of tame ramification is sufficient – whether relations which would always hold for tamely ramified extensions must also hold for wildly ramified extensions. We present successes, failures, and applications (of the successes) to computational questions.


April 11

Andrew Snowden (MIT)
Title: Arithmetic families of torsors

Abstract: Let G be a group scheme over the rational projective line (with some points discarded). Suppose X is a G-torsor such that Xt is trivial for almost all rational numbers t. Can we conclude that X itself is trivial? I will discuss several results, some positive and some negative. This is joint work with Jacob Tsimerman.


April 18

Jerry Wang (Harvard)
Title: Pencils of quadrics and 2-Selmer groups of Jacobians of hyperelliptic curves

Abstract: Since Bhargava and Shankar's new method of counting orbits, average orders of the 2,3,4,5-Selmer groups of elliptic curves over Q have been obtained. In this talk we will look at a construction of torsors of Jacobians of hyperelliptic curves using pencils of quadrics and see how they are used to compute the average order of the 2-Selmer groups of Jacobians of hyperelliptic curves over Q with a rational Weierstrass point.


May 2

Wei Ho (Columbia/Princeton)
Title: Families of lattice-polarized K3 surfaces

Abstract: There are well-known explicit families of K3 surfaces equipped with a low degree polarization, e.g., quartic surfaces in P3. What if one specifies multiple line bundles instead of a single one? We will discuss representation-theoretic constructions of such families, i.e., moduli spaces for K3 surfaces whose Neron–Severi groups contain specified lattices. These constructions, inspired by arithmetic considerations, also involve some fun geometry and combinatorics.

This is joint work with Manjul Bhargava and Abhinav Kumar.



Organizer contact information

Robert Harron

Zev Klagsbrun

Sean Rostami


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